What is emphysema? What is the cause of emphysema? Main Category: Also in emphysema condition in which the tiny air sacs in the lungs - the alveoli - are filled with air.
In the air continues to grow in these bags, they are expanding, and can break or damage tissue and form scars. The patient became increasingly short breath. is a type of COPD (chronic obstructive pulmonary disease). The main cause of emphysema is a long-term regular smoking. Turn alveoli in large, irregular pockets with holes in them. The surface area of the lungs gradually decreases, which leads to reduction of oxygen entering the bloodstream. Small elastic fibers that keep the opening small airways leading to alveoli become destroyed. When the patient exhales it crash, i. AD patients have problems exhaling air. Emphysema, which is not treatable, the condition can not be canceled. However, treatment can slow the speed of its progression and relieve symptoms. Alveolus as grape bags Medilexicon, in emphysema
1. The presence of air in between the connective tissue parts. 2. Status light is characterized by an increase over normal sized air spaces distal to terminal bronchioles (the parts containing alveoli), with destructive changes in their walls and reducing their number. Clinical manifestations are dyspnea on exertion, due to the combined effect (in varying degrees) lower surface of the alveoli for gas exchange and the collapse of smaller airways with admiration of alveolar gas in time, causing the breast to be held in the position of inspiration ( "barrel chest"), in the long term and increased residual volume. Symptoms of chronic
often, but not necessarily coexist. Two structural types panlobular (panacinar) emphysema and tsentrodolevaya (centriacinar) emphysema; paracicatricial, paraseptal, and bullous emphysema are common. The symptom is that the patient feels and describes, such as pain, but the sign is that anyone can find, such as rash. Patients with emphysema may experience no symptoms for many years. Finally, as the condition progresses, there is difficulty in breathing (dyspnea), which begins gradually. People with early stages of emphysema may avoid physical activity because it makes their pants too much. Eventually, breathlessness is present even when the person rests. What causes emphysema? The main cause of emphysema is a long-term, regular cigarette smoking. It can also be caused by smoking marijuana (much less), the impact of air pollutants, plant emissions, coal and silica dust. In rare cases, patients may have inherited deficiency of alpha-1 antitrypsin, a protein that protects elastic tissue in the lungs. What are the possible complications of emphysema? Pneumothorax, also called collapse of the lungs. This can lead to death in patients with severe emphysema, as so weak. Pulmonary - part of the heart expands and becomes weak. This occurs when the pressure in the arteries that connect the lungs and the heart increases. Giant bull - an empty space, called bullae develop in the lungs. Giant bullae are very large, sometimes half the light. Not only light with a much smaller area, the blisters can become infected. Patients with giant bullae more likely to develop pneumothorax. Repeated infections - chest infections, and cold and cold is, as often occurs in patients with emphysema. Pulmonary hypertension - abnormally in the arteries of the lungs. The doctor will review and ask some questions such as:
doctor may order some tests, which may include:
Chest X-ray - this will help the doctor determine whether the addition is emphysema, and exclude other possible causes shortness of breath. CT (computed tomography) scan - this can be ordered to help the doctor decide pulmonary surgery is required. Blood test - Blood may be taken from the artery to determine how well your lungs transfer oxygen to the blood and remove Co. tests of lung function - these tests tell doctors how well the lungs of the patient to inhale and exhale air, and shows how much air the lungs, can keep. The doctor also will have a better idea of how well lungs transfer oxygen in the blood. Patient is likely to be asked to blow into the spirometer. Spirometry can be done in the doctor's office or the nearest hospital or clinic. The patient must blow as much as possible into a small tube that is attached to the vehicle. The machine measures the time it takes to blow all the air from the lungs. If the patient's airways are blocked it will take longer. Modern USB for PC spirometer [image from Wikimedia] What are the treatment options for emphysema? Emphysema is incurable, there is no treatment to reverse the condition. However, symptoms may be released and its development can be slowed with proper treatment. Quit smoking - smoking is a major cause of emphysema in the first place. Quitting smoking greatly slow down its progress. Bronchodilators - types of drugs that relax the airways have become narrowed, thereby decreasing shortness of breath, difficulty breathing and cough. These drugs are more effective for the treatment of chronic bronchitis or, but can help patients emphysema to some extent. Steroid sprays spray - they inhale. Corticosteroids are effective in shortness of breath. However, they must be used under close medical supervision, as long-term use can lead to a weakening of bones, high blood pressure and. Long-term steroid use also increases the risk of development. Antibiotics - Patients with emphysema usually have more infections such as pneumonia or acute bronchitis than other people. Such conditions require
treatment. Recovery vehicles - the patient may be taught some breathing exercises to help reduce breathlessness cheap lasix and improve his / her ability to do exercise. Patients may undergo mass changes that need to be addressed. Oxygen - those with severe symptoms may need extra oxygen, which is usually carried out through the nostrils through a narrow tube. Surgery - the surgeon can surgically remove part of the damaged tissue, allowing remainder of the lung tissue better, it can help the patient breath better. Lung Transplant - when other options were not working and symptoms are severe, your doctor may recommend lung transplantation << >> not be reproduced without permission of Medical News Today >> <<
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